The Independent Sector Advantage
A college education equips individuals with the necessary skills to analyze information, identify biases, and engage in constructive discourse – crucial elements of a healthy democracy and essential for navigating the complexities of the modern world. Clearly, there is no one-size-fits-all when it comes to higher education, as the best college choice depends on individual needs and priorities. New York’s collection of independent institutions is the largest in the country, with over 100 nonprofit institutions to choose from. The Independent Sector includes campuses that are defined by diverse missions and programs; strong academics and research; urban, suburban, and rural locations; and enrollment sizes that range from less than 100 to nearly 60,000 students.
New York’s independent institutions are each different in many ways, but there are a few elements that they share: generous financial aid, small class sizes, distinguished faculty, unparalleled experiential learning opportunities, strong global alumni networks, and unmatched support services to help students complete their studies and thrive.
Here are some advantages of independent nonprofit colleges and universities in New York State:
New York’s independent colleges and universities enroll 44 percent (or, nearly 500,000) of the 1.1 million students enrolled in postsecondary education in New York State. Among the Independent Sector’s undergraduate and graduate students:
- 55% are New York residents
- 32% are from other states
- 13% are international students
- On average, 29% of entering undergrads are first-generation students
The Independent Sector enrolls about one-third (34%) of all students of color attending two-year and four-year colleges and universities in New York State. This also includes…
- 31% of the Black or African American students in the state
- 31% of Hispanic students in the state
- 40% of Asian students in the state
- 49% of students who identify with two or more races in the state
- New York is the top destination for first-time students who leave their home state to attend a private, nonprofit college or university.
- In fall 2022, nearly 25,000 first-time students from other states enrolled at an Independent Sector institution in New York (MA is second with 19,000 and PA is third with 18,000).
Independent institutions often have lower student-to-faculty ratios, leading to smaller class sizes and more opportunities for professors to interact with students individually. This can translate to more personalized guidance, mentorship, and feedback. Independent colleges and universities have the lowest average student-to-faculty ratios for undergraduates when compared to New York’s other sectors of higher education.
- Independent: 11 to 1
- SUNY: 15 to 1
- CUNY: 15 to 1
- Proprietary (i.e., for-profit): 19 to 1
While some independent institutions often have higher sticker prices than public universities, they tend to offer more generous financial aid packages, including merit-based scholarships and need-based grants. This can make them more affordable for some students, especially those with high academic achievement or financial need.
- Independent Sector colleges in New York gave students $7.7 billion in financial aid from their own resources last year.
- Eighty-six percent of first-time, full-time undergraduate students enrolled in these institutions receive some type of student aid.
The average net price (or, actual cost) at independent four-year colleges and universities in New York State is about $29,100. When adjusted for inflation, the actual cost has decreased by 11 percent since the 2018-19 academic year. On average, this is a reduction of about 3 percent each year since 2018-19.
- In 2022-23, there were 53,300 undergraduate TAP recipients in the Independent Sector. In total, these students were awarded $160 million.
- Nearly every independent college or university (94%) has a tuition payment plan, which allows tuition to be paid in installments over an agreed upon period of time, many times without interest or finance charges.
Many independent intuitions have specific academic strengths or unique programs that may not be available at public or proprietary (i.e., for-profit) institutions. This could include specialized research opportunities, study abroad opportunities, or ROTC programs.
- Study abroad programs provide many advantages for students. Immersion in a new culture challenges perspectives and helps students develop a deeper understanding of the world beyond their own experiences. Seventy-four of the 116 four-year colleges and universities in New York that offer study abroad programs are private nonprofit institutions.
- Independent: 74 institutions (64% of total)
- SUNY: 26 institutions (22% of total)
- CUNY: 11 institutions (9% of total)
- Proprietary (i.e., for-profit): 5 institutions (4% of total)
- ROTC programs offer a range of potential advantages, attracting individuals for various reasons. For those with an interest in making this commitment, the benefits include scholarships, leadership training, professional development, and personal growth. Forty-five of the 64 four-year colleges and universities in New York that offer ROTC programs are private nonprofit institutions.
- Independent: 45 institutions (70% of total)
- SUNY: 16 institutions (25% of total)
- CUNY: 2 institutions (3% of total)
- Proprietary (i.e., for-profit): 1 institution (2% of total)
The Independent Sector offers more bachelor’s and graduate programs than the other sectors combined:
- Bachelor’s programs across all campuses:
- Independent: 3,457
- SUNY: 1,421
- CUNY: 860
- Proprietary (i.e., for-profit): 68
- Graduate programs across all campuses:
- Independent: 2,845
- SUNY: 1,216
- CUNY: 645
- Proprietary (i.e., for-profit): 51
Independent colleges and universities award nearly 60% of the bachelor’s and graduate degrees earned by students in New York State (134,000 of 231,000 total bachelor’s and graduate degrees). This includes:
- 49% of bachelor’s degrees
- 72% of master’s degrees
- 78% of doctoral degrees
In addition, these institutions award a significant share of New York’s bachelor’s and graduate degrees in critical fields, such as:
- Education – 55%
- Nursing – 67%
- STEM fields – 61%
- Mental Health – 48%
Occupations that require more education are projected to grow faster than those that require little or no education. For example, occupations that require a bachelor’s degree are projected to grow by 7% between 2022 and 2032.
- Projected growth, all occupations: 3%
- Doctoral or professional degree: 7%
- Master’s degree: 11%
- Bachelor’s degree: 7%
- Associate degree: 6%
New York’s independent colleges and universities are major employers, purchasers of goods and services, and builders. Many of these institutions are also the primary employers in the communities in which they reside. CICU’s latest economic impact report is available here. Highlights include the following:
- Total economic impact of the Independent Sector in New York: $97 billion
- The Independent Sector employs 65 percent of the people working at institutions of higher education in the state (196,000 of 302,000).
Nearly 90 percent of independent higher education jobs are faculty or professional positions.
In total, after accounting for on-campus construction and spillover employment, the sector supported 407,000 jobs within the state. These jobs generated a payroll impact of $33 billion.
Colleges and universities in New York State serve as powerful economic engines, contributing significantly to the state’s overall prosperity. Their impact extends beyond direct spending to encompass job creation, research advancements, community impact, and the development of a highly skilled workforce. By investing in higher education, New York State not only strengthens its current economy but also positions itself for future growth and innovation.
Using CICU’s recent research on transfer students at independent institutions in New York State…
- Sixty-nine percent of transfer students entered a four-year independent institution with an associate degree. Among these students…
- Seventy percent earned an associate degree in Liberal Arts
- Sixteen percent earned an associate degree in Business/Business Administration
- Ten percent earned an associate degree in Computer Science/Information Technology
- Most transfer students feel welcomed and supported by their four-year institution and agree that their overall transfer experience has met or exceeded their expectations.
Independent colleges and universities are incubators for breakthrough research that impacts our lives every day. Campus R&D spending supports medical research areas such as cancer, Alzheimer’s disease, and diabetes; and technology such as quantum computing, artificial intelligence, nanotechnology, biotechnology, and advanced materials. R&D spending supports students, faculty, and researchers as they push the boundaries of knowledge, which has a direct benefit for society.
- New York State ranks #2 in the U.S. for higher education R&D spending with $9.1 billion. California is #1 with $13.5 billion.
- In fiscal year 2022-23, 80% of New York State’s college and university R&D spending was done by independent institutions ($7.3 billion of $9.1 billion).
- A catalyst for innovation, independent institutions lead in the production of technology licensing, patents, and start-ups, which helps to connect students and faculty in a way that stimulates innovation and inspires students to convert their ideas into action.
New York State’s independent colleges and universities have the highest retention rates among four-year institutions in New York. Eighty-five percent of students who began their studies in fall 2021 returned for classes in fall 2022.
- Independent: 85%
- SUNY: 80%
- CUNY: 75%
- Proprietary (i.e., for-profit): 77%
First-time students who pursue bachelor’s degrees in the Independent Sector complete their degrees at higher rates than students in other sectors, which allows them to begin their careers or graduate studies earlier.
- The four-year graduation rate for students who began their studies in 2019 was 61% in the Independent Sector, which is higher than the four-year rate for other sectors:
- Independent: 61%
- SUNY: 53%
- CUNY: 33%
- Proprietary (i.e., for-profit): 52%
- The six-year graduation rate for students who began their studies in 2019 was 75% in the Independent Sector, which is higher than the six-year rate for other sectors:
- Independent: 75%
- SUNY: 64%
- CUNY: 52%
- Proprietary (i.e., for-profit): 63%
- The Independent Sector’s six-year graduation rate (75%) also exceeds the national six-year graduation rate for all sectors, 65%.
Nearly all of the Independent Sector’s two-year and four-year degree-granting institutions are either…
- Test blind (test scores are not considered for admission, even if submitted, 15%)
- Test optional (test scores are not required for admission, but considered if submitted, 76%)
- Or, they have an open admissions policy and accept all applicants (8%)
- Only 1% require test scores for acceptance consideration
Independent colleges often have smaller, more tightly-knit alumni communities, which can translate into stronger career support networks and access to professional opportunities. This can be valuable for graduates seeking jobs or internships in specific fields.
- There are at least 5.2 million living alumni of New York’s Independent Sector colleges and universities.
- Forty percent (or, 2.04 million) live in New York State, and 60% (or, 3.12 million) live out-of-state.
Reports and Perspectives
CICU also produces reports and research to support data-driven advocacy for our member colleges and universities and to provide policymakers with the data they need to make informed decisions.
Recent reports issued by CICU include:
New York State is facing a mental health crisis exacerbated by a severe shortage of mental health professionals. This report outlines the issues and proposes solutions to address this critical need.
The migration of first-time college students has become a prominent feature of contemporary higher education. Millions of young people leave their home states each year to attend colleges and universities located elsewhere. This migration, often driven by a complex set of factors, has profound implications for students, institutions, and states.
This report centers on the migration patterns specific to New York State’s 4-year colleges and universities.
The Masters-in-Education Teacher Incentive Scholarship Program was established in April 2015 with the goal of addressing the critical need for qualified teachers in New York State’s K-12 education system. However, New York State continues to face ongoing challenges in ensuring a sufficient pool of qualified educators to meet the needs of its diverse student body. This report outlines a solution for expanding the program and reducing the teacher shortage in New York State.
Independent colleges and universities are major employers, purchasers of goods and services, and builders. Many of these institutions are also the primary employers in the communities in which they reside.
CICU has produced this report to highlight the economic benefits that independent colleges and universities bring to New York State through job creation and financial expenditures in local economies and throughout the state.
The cost of college is an undeniable concern for many students and families. However, independent colleges and universities in New York State provide generous financial packages. When financial aid from state and federal sources is factored in, the actual out-of-pocket cost is significantly less than the “sticker price.”
The true value of college goes far beyond the price tag. Through classroom discussions and research projects, students learn to dissect arguments and examine information. Through historical studies and social science courses, students gain a broader perspective on human behavior and societal challenges. College fosters intellectual curiosity, the driving force behind scientific and social progress, and allows students to establish their own informed opinions. By understanding the past and present, students develop the ability to make sound decisions for themselves and their communities.
CICU has authored a report to dispel myths and misconceptions about endowments. Educating policymakers on the types of endowments and activities supported by endowment spending such as student aid, academic programs, research, and public service can help promote a more informed discussion about the role of endowments in higher education.
Independent colleges and universities in New York State contribute to the social and intellectual well-being of their surrounding communities. In total, these institutions spend more than $600 million on public service activities annually.
Dashboards
Check out our latest data visualizations!
This dashboard displays the economic impact of New York’s independent colleges and universities by each region of the state.
Our campus profiles dashboard provides useful information about each of the 100+ CICU member institutions.